Factores de riesgo asociados al desarrollo de hipertensión arterial en Chile

Resumen

Background: High blood pressure is one of the major risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease, affecting 27% of the Chilean population in 2010. Aim: To determine the risk factors associated with the development of hypertension. Material and methods: Analysis of the database of the 2009-2010 National Health Survey in which 4,901 participants were included. Socio-demographic factors, physical activity, eating habits, well-being and comorbidities were analyzed. Results: Women had a lower risk of developing hypertension than men (Odds ratio (OR): 0.69, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.59 – 0.81, p<0.01). In both men and women, the risk is greater over the age of 25 years (OR: 2.90, 95% CI: 1.55 – 5.43, p<0.01). The risk is greater in subjects who were overweight (OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.31 – 1.98, p<0.01), obese (OR: 3.18, 95% CI: 2.56 – 3.95, p<0.01), or had central obesity (OR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.85 – 2.72, p<0.01). Subjects with a family history of hypertension and diabetes also have a higher risk. Conclusions: Identifying the risk factors associated with hypertension allows public health policies to be tailored to its prevention.