Evaluación de la confiabilidad y validez de constructo de la Escala de Calidad de Vida en Salud - SF-12 en población chilena (ENCAVI 2015-6)

Resumen

Background: Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is understood as a multidimensional variable, mostly measured using the SF-12 questionnaire. However, this measurement doesn´t always replicate the factorial structure theoretically expected, hindering potential conclusions. Aim: To assess the reliability and validity of SF-12 questionnaire in a representative sample of Chilean participants. Material and methods: Information was obtained from the National Quality of Life Survey performed in Chile during 2015-16. During the survey, SF-12 was answered by 7041 participants older than 15 years, with a median age of 47 years (63% women). Results: SF-12 has reliability, but it does not have construct validity. The analysis suggests that there is a factorial structure that resembles theory, only when factors and items are related. Conclusions: The practical importance of these results highlight the need to measure HRQoL using more extensive scales.