Características Clínicas y Metabólicas de los estados de Intolerancia a la glucosa y Glicemia de ayuno alteradas

Resumen

We studied, in a cross sectional design protocol, the glucose and insulin serum level, on fasting and after a standard glucose load, in 1404 people with high diabetic risk. We categorize the subjects in different dysglicemic states, according to 2006 ADA categories.

Age, sex, and first degree familial diabetic antecedents were recorded. The weight and the body mass index (IMC) were ascertained. Insulin Resistance (RI), Insulin secretion (? %) and Insulin disposition (ID), were calculated using fasting blood glucose and insulin levels, by HOMA methodology (I and II).

Among the population, 81% where women, 60.3% had first grade relatives with diabetes mellitus (DM) and the mean age was 42.0±14.2 years.

From the whole study population, 1097 (78.2%) were categorized as normal (N), 45 (3.2%) as Diabetes Mellitus (DM), 161 (11.3%) as high fasting glucose levels (GAA) and 103 (7.3%) as ITG. From all the GAA subjects, 106 (7.5%) had only GAA, and 53 (3.2%), had GAA plus ITG.

There were several differences between GAA and ITG. Subjects with GAA had similar insulin sensitivity than and lower ? cell function that N (ID: GAA 58±12% vs N 111±32% respectively, p <0.0001). ITG had less insulin sensitivity that N( HOMA-IR= ITG 2.6±1.50 vs. N 2.0±1.30) and only a mild decreased in ? cell function (ID: ITG 96±26 vs. N 111±32% respectively, p <0.0001. GAA plus ITG had similar alterations as compared with DM (HOMA-IR = GAA-IGT 3.8±2.2 vs DM 4.4±3.7) and (ID= GAA-IGT 57±10% vs DM 56.0 ± 26%)

GAA is different from ITG, and is highly prevalent in subjects with high risk of DM. GAA must be considered as an important tool in the prevention of DM in the clinical practice.