Control metabólico en pacientes diabéticos tipo 1 chilenos: Rol del estrés psicológico. Diabetes tipo 1: Rol del estrés psicológico

Autores/as

  • Manuel S Ortiz Departamento de Psicologia, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile. Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, United States.
  • Hector F. Myers University of California, Los Angeles, United States

Palabras clave:

ESTRES PSICOLOGICO, CONTROL METABOLICO, ADOLESCENTES DIABETICOS TIPO 1.

Resumen

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Resumen

PROPOSITO: Determinar si diferentes dominios del estrés psicológico (estrés emocional, estrés con el médico, estrés con el tratamiento y estrés interpersonal) predicen el control metabólico de adolescentes diabéticos tipo 1. Identificar si diferentes dominios del estrés psicológico predicen la estabilidad del control metabólico.

MATERIAL Y METODO: Una muestra no probabilística e intencionada de 20 adolescentes diabéticos tipo 1 de la ciudad de Temuco (Medad = 15,15, D.S = 3.8) fueron estudiados por 1 año. Tres mediciones de hemoglobina glicosilada (HbA1c) y autorreportes de estrés fueron obtenidos con la Escala de Estrés para Diabéticos de Polonski.    

RESULTADOS: Análisis de regresión múltiple jerárquica identificaron que tanto el estrés con el régimen de tratamiento (R2 = 0,505) y el estrés con el médico (R2 = 0,13) predijeron el control metabólico. Análisis de la varianza de medidas repetidas con factores intersujeto, identificaron que el control metabólico asumió una tendencia lineal negativa (F = 16,208; p ≤ 0,001; hp2 = 0,503; poder (1 - b) = 0,965). Diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el control metabólico fueron encontradas entre los adolescentes con alto y bajo estrés con el médico (F = 4,729; p ≤ 0,05; hp2 = 0,228; poder (1 - b) = 0,533), y entre los adolescentes con alto y bajo estrés con el tratamiento (F = 9,804; p ≤ 0,01; hp2 = 0,380; poder (1 - b) = 0,836).

CONCLUSION: Atención debe ser puesta a los niveles de estrés entre adolescentes diabéticos. Diferentes dominios del estrés psicológico predijeron trayectorias del control metabólico de adolescentes diabéticos tipo 1.

Palabras claves: Estrés psicológico, control metabólico, adolescentes diabéticos tipo 1.

 

ABSTRACT.

PURPOSE:

To determine whether different psychological stress factors (emotional burden, physician-related distress, regimen-related distres, diabetes-related interpersonal distress) predict the metabolic control of adolescents with type 1 diabetes, and whether these factors predict the metabolic control stability / non-estability.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: An intentional sample (n = 20) of type 1 diabetic adolescents was followed-up for a year (Mage = 15.15; S.D = 3.8) Three HbA1c exams were performed and a stress self-report was obtained with the Polonsky’ Diabetes Distress Scale.

RESULTS: Hierarchical multiple regression identified two factors (regimen-related distress R2 = 0.505; and physician-related distress R2 = 0.13) predicting the metabolic control. Within subject ANOVA with blocking factors, shows that the metabolic control assumed a negative linear trend (F = 16,208; p ≤ 0,001; hp2 = 0,503; power (1 - b) = 0,965). There were differences statistically significant in the metabolic control between adolescents with high and low scores on the physician-related distress (F = 4,729; p ≤ 0,05; hp2 = 0,228; power (1 - b) = 0,533) and those with high and low scores on the regimen-related distress factor (F = 9,804; p ≤ 0,01; hp2 = 0,380; power (1 - b) = 0,836).

CONCLUSION: Stress levels in type 1 diabetic adolescents deserve attention. Different psychological stress factors predicting metabolic control trajectories in type 1 diabetic adolescents were found.

Key words: Psychological stress, metabolic control, type 1 diabetics adolescents.

Biografía del autor/a

Manuel S Ortiz, Departamento de Psicologia, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile. Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, United States.

Manuel Ortiz, M.A. Doctoral Student, Health Psychology University of California, Los Angeles. 1285 Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563 manucla@ucla.edu msortiz@ufro.cl Phone: 1-310-745-6206

Hector F. Myers, University of California, Los Angeles, United States

Hector F. Myers, Ph.D. Professor & Director of Clinical Training Department of Psychology, UCLA Phone: 310-825-1813 Fax: 310-206-5895

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Publicado

2014-04-30

Cómo citar

Ortiz, M. S., & Myers, H. F. (2014). Control metabólico en pacientes diabéticos tipo 1 chilenos: Rol del estrés psicológico. Diabetes tipo 1: Rol del estrés psicológico. Revista Médica De Chile, 142(4). Recuperado a partir de https://mail.revistamedicadechile.cl/index.php/rmedica/article/view/2345

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