Estrategia fármaco-invasiva en el manejo del infarto agudo al miocardio con supradesnivel del ST.

Resumen

Background: In those patients who do not have timely access to primary angioplasty, the pharmaco-invasive approach, that is, the use of thrombolysis as a bridging measure prior to the coronary angiography, is a safe alternative. Aim: To describe the features of patients with an acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with a pharmaco-invasive strategy. Material and methods: Descriptive observational study of 144 patients with mean age of 46 years with STEMI who received a dose of thrombolytic prior to their referral for primary angioplasty at a public hospital between 2018 and 2021. Results: There were no differences the clinical presentation according to the Killip score at admission between thrombolyzed and non-thrombolyzed patients (p=ns). Fifty-three percent of non-thrombolyzed patients were admitted with an occluded vessel (TIMI 0) compared with 27% of thrombolyzed patients (p <0.001). The thrombolyzed group required significantly less use of thromboaspiration (3.5 and 8.4% respectively; p=0.014). Despite this, 91 and 92% of non-thrombolyzed and thrombolyzed patients achieved a post-angioplasty TIMI 3 flow. Long-term survival was 91 and 86% in thrombolyzed and non-thrombolyzed patients, respectively (p= ns). Conclusions: The pharmaco-invasive strategy is a safe alternative when compared to primary angioplasty in centers that don`t have timely access to Interventional Cardiology.